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In the field of electronics known there are two
types of components that are grouped based on the above criteria.
Two types of components are active components and
passive components. Two kinds of electronic components that we will study in
basic electronics is always present in any electronic circuit.
The active component is a type of electronic
components that require electricity in order to work in the electronic circuit.
Examples of active components are transistors and ICs are also light tubes. The
amount of bias current can be different for each komponen2 this.
While the passive component is a type of electronic
component that works without the need for electricity. Examples of passive
components are resistors, capacitors, transformers / transformer, diodes, etc..
In basic electronics the use of both types of
components are almost always used together, except in passive circuits using
only passive components such as circuit baxandall passive, passive filters and
so on. For the IC (Integrated Circuit) is a combination of active and passive
components are compiled into an electronic circuit and reduced physical size.
RESISTOR
Resistors are electronic components that are always
used in every electronic circuit because it serves as a regulator of the
electric current. With electrical resistor can be distributed according to need
..
In the electronic circuit resistor is represented by
the number "R", while its icon like this:. There are several types of
resistors in the market include: Carbon Resistor, Wirewound and Metal Film.
There are also resistors that can be changed resistance value, among others:
potentiometer and trimpot. There was also resistance value resistor that
changes when exposed to light called LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) and
resistors that changes its resistance depending on the surrounding temperature
called NTC (Negative Thermal Resistance) that you try to watch a clearer
picture 1-a, and animation the following:
For the type of carbon and metalfilm resistors are
commonly used color codes to guide the value of the resistance (resistance) of
the resistor. Color codes that represents the first digit, the number 2, number
multiplication by 10 (multiflier), fault tolerance, and quality of the value of
the resistor. Color codes that include Black, Brown, Red, Orange, Yellow,
Green, Blue, Purple, Grey, White, Gold and Silver. (See figure 1-b and Table
1). Black for the numbers 0, chocolate for number 1, number 2 red, orange for
the number 3, number 4 yellow, green for the number 5, number 6 blue, purple
for the number 7, the gray for the number 8, and white for the 9. While gold
and silver are usually to show the value of tolerance is the tolerance value of
10% gold, while the silver value of the tolerance of 5%.
Well a lot of difficult to memorize it ..!, Hmmm ..,
if you find it difficult to memorize the color code of a resistor and its
value, consider the text that I gave bold above. If you put together would be a
word that might be easy for you to menhafalnya (Hi Co Me O Me Hi BUAP == 0 1 2
3 4 5 6 7 8 9). Ok one more try you see figure 1 and table 1-b
How to install the Serial and Parallel Resistor way
With the way the value of the resistor can be
unique. Then how to calculate it?, Ehmm. easy, for the way you live serial add
any value resistor 1 and resistor values 2. (R1 + R2). As for the way you are
required to understand the parallel ALGEBRA (wah-wah math again) but it's easy
really. If you want to open the advanced mathematics course that discuss
specific topics about the mathematics on this site too. Ok back to the point.
For parallel manner prescribed formula as follows: suppose we memparalel two
resistors, resistor R1 and the first given name of the second resistor R2 is
named, then the formula is: 1 / R = (1/R1) + (1/R2)
Example: We have two resistors with the following
value R1 = 1000 Ohm, R2 = 2000 Ohm, when we use the results obtained in the
series R1 + R2 1000 +2000 = 3000 Ohm, whereas when we use a parallel way the
obtained results:
1 / R = 1 / R1 + 1 / R2
1 / R =
(1/1000) + (1/2000)
1 / R =
(2000 + 1000) / (1000 X 2000)
1 / R =
(3000) / (2000000)
1 / R =
3/2000
3R
= 2000
R
= 2000/3
R
= 666.7 Ohm -----> Resistor Parallel results.
please prove it with algebraic equations in
mathematics.
Capacitors
Capacitor or condenser is an electronic component
that can store electrical energy in the form of electrical charge during a
certain time interval without a chemical reaction.
Capacitors are widely used in electronic devices
such as camera flash, energy reserves on the computer when the power fails, the
protective system RAM on the computer etc..
Basically, a capacitor consists of a pair of
parallel conductor plates of area A separated by a distance d is small. The two
conductors separated by an insulating material called the dielectric.
When the capacitor rated voltage, kapsitor will be
charged. The plate becomes positively charged and the other negatively charged
plate. The amount of each charge on the plates is the same. Amount of charge Q
contained in the charge is proportional to the potential difference V according
to the equation: Q = CV. With C shows capacitance capacitors. The capacitance
of the capacitor is the ability of a capacitor to store electrical energy.
Capacitance does not depend on Q and V. Its value
depends only on the structure and dimensions of the capacitor itself. So C can
be written in the equation C = vacuum permittivity multiplied A / d.
Types of capacitors
Based on the dielectric material and its use, the
capacitor is divided into several types as follows.
a. Variable capacitor (Varco)
Capacitors are used to tuning a radio or looking for
radio waves. This capacitor using air as the dielectric material. Capacitor
type uses that can not be driven plate (the stator) and a plate that can be
used (rotor). Varco usually made from aluminum. By turning the knob, the face
plate area diataur can be changed so that the capacity of the capacitor. By
changing the capacity of the capacitor, the frequency can be tuned circuit is
sought. Here is shown a Varco.
b. Ceramic capacitors
Ceramic capacitors have a dielectric made of
ceramic. The capacitor has a metal electrode and dielektritnya consists of a
mixture of titanium oxide and other oxides. Excellent dielectric strength so it
has a large capacity. Nevertheless, the relatively small size of ceramic
capacitors. Digunaka ceramic capacitor to dampen the sparks, as the sparks that
arise in platinum motor vehicle.
c. Paper Capacitors
These capacitors have a dielectric made of paper.
Paper capacitors have layers of 0.05 to 0.02 mm thick paper between two sheets
of aluminum foil. The paper is impregnated with oil to increase capacity and
dielectric strength.
d. Plastic Capacitors
Plastic film capacitors have a dielectric plastic.
These capacitors have a dielectric layer and the metal electrode made of
polisterina, mylar or teflon with 0.0064 mm thick. Plastic capacitors used for
power factor correction in power sisitem on nuclear fission, hydraulic metal
forming, plasma dielectric investigation.
e. Electrolytic Capacitors (Elco)
Electrolytic capacitors have a dielectric in the
form of aluminum oxide. Positive electrode is made of metal, such as aluminum
and tantalum, while the negative electrode made of electrolyte. Dielectric
material used to coat the negative electrode. Thick oxide layer about 0.0001
mm. The capacitor is only used in a pulsed DC voltage on the circuit radio,
television, telephone, telegraph, missiles, and computer equipment. Elco
function is as an electrical current pulse rectifier.
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